Orthodox Christianity

Khroul V. Addressing covid-19 “Ex catedra”: how religions in Russia and Belarus faced the pandemics

The paper examines the strategies employed by religious institutions in Russia and Belarus during the on-going pandemic, analysing their arguments in official discourse and interactions with the governments. The results of the research indicate that, despite the stark contrast in governmental strategies for combating the pandemic (Russia’s approach being markedly stringent, while Belarus’ has been markedly lenient) shows how religions have called for compliance with government directives and have opposed conspiracy theories and dissident anti-vaccination activist movements. Minority religions also followed this approach. The necessity to conduct services online has provided a significant stimulus for the utilization of new digital technologies in predominantly conservative religious practices in both countries. The study revealed that the official documents under examination exhibited a clear predominance of theological elements over rational scientific elements in their argumentation. This finding highlights the inherent difficulties in the mediatisation of the Russian Orthodox Church narrative for the general public, which were already apparent but have become more pronounced during the pandemic.

Петрунин В.В. Социальная теология Критского собора 2016 г.: основные проблемы

В статье анализируется социально-политическая проблематика Критского собора 2016 г. На основании анализа соборных документов автор выделяет и дает обобщенную характеристику основных проблем, стоящих перед современным человеком, обществом и государством, с точки зрения Православных Церквей, принявших участие в Критском соборе. Особое внимание уделяется вопросам брака и семьи, биоэтики, войны и мира, экологии, глобализации. Автор приходит к выводу о том, что социально-политические документы Критского собора призваны были положить начало формированию общеправославной социальной доктрины, появление которой актуализировано продолжающейся секуляризацией современного мира.

Khrul A., Khroul V. Humour in media discourse on religion as a factor of conflict

Humour is located in the sensitive areas of the two basic human freedoms: the freedom of expression and the freedom of belief. The paper is focused on humour in media discourse on religion as a factor of conflict and examines important factors underexposed. According to the results of the pilot project, conducted in Russia, the approaches and attitudes towards humour as a well as a will for compromise and consensus differ in Orthodox Christian, Muslim, Jewish, Catholic and Protestant communities. Authors suggest the mapping the “zone of mutual responsibility” of journalists and religious leaders will lead to elaborating the “pact on humour” between them. For the future research authors propose to analyse the religious and ethnic factors in the formation of a sense of humour and culture of laughter in general in order to have more detailed picture on strictly religious sensitivity towards humour.

Khrul A. The “Greek project” of Catherine II in cultural and ideological perspectives

Referring Russian dream on Constantinople without Ottoman rule, the author analyses attempts of Catherine II to implement the “Greek project” based on two cultural motives: the Orthodox “brotherhood” of Greeks and Russians and the vision of Greece as the cradle of European culture. The paper describes military and ideological attempts of Catherine II to establish Greece as an independent state and shows their political and cultural consequences for Russia and Europe.