comparative analysis

Ashrapov B.P. Word-building potential and morphological features of the Tajik suffix -ча and its English equivalents (on the example of animals’ cub derivation)

The article dwells on the issue concerned with the comparative analysis of the word-building and morphological features of the suffix -ча and its English equivalents on the example of “A brief word-building dictionary of Tajik literary language” (1983) and “Tajik-English dictionary” (2005). The dictionaries under study are considered to be one of the priceless and fundamental sources contained a numerous literary facts and evidences belonging to modern Tajik literary language. In the course of the research the author of the article makes an endeavour to carry out the English equivalents of Tajik derivative words formed by virtue of the suffix -ча and composed by the word “бача”/“baby” those ones are not identical and the majority of them are used and translated into English as simple, derivative, compound, composite ones and phrases. It is concluded that the relevant word-building element is considered to be one of productive ones contributed into animals’ cub derivation.
Ключевые слова: 
суффикс
сопоставительный анализ
таджикский и английский языки
словообразовательный потенциал
образование названий детенышей животных

Ashrapov B.P. Word-building potential of Tajik adverbial prefix no- and its English equivalents

УДК 81:811[111:222.8]

WORD-BUILDING POTENTIAL

OF TAJIK ADVERBIAL PREFIX NO-

AND ITS ENGLISH EQUIVALENTS

Ashrapov B.P.

Ключевые слова: 
наречия
префикс
производные наречия
сравнительынй анализ
морфологические особенности
английские эквиваленты
словообразовательный потенциал

Ashrapov B.P. Comparative analysis of word-building potential of Tajik adverbial prefix бa- and its English equivalents

The article dwells on the issues beset with the comparative analysis of word-building potential of Tajik adverbial prefix ба-and its English equivalents.It is noted that adverb is recognized as an independent part of speech in the languages being compared. However, adverb classification as a special category in these languages is uncertain, their lexical boundaries are wide, and their functional types are diverse. Summing up the results of the analysis, the author concludes that adducing word-building potential of the prefix in question forming Tajik adverbs is of many similarities and differences in certain cases. It is worth mentioning that English equivalents of Tajik derivative adverbs formed by this prefix are not identical and the same-formed ones and some of them are used and translated as simple, derivative and composite ones.
Ключевые слова: 
наречия
префикс
производные наречия
сопоставительный анализ
морфологические особенности
английские эквиваленты
словообразовательный потенциал

Ashrapov B.P. Comparative analysis of morphological peculiarities and level of comparative degree of adjective usage in the Tajik literary language referring to the 18th – 20th centuries

The article discusses the issues of comparative analysis of morphological peculiarities and level of comparative degree usage of adjectives in the Tajik literary language referring to the 18th – 20th centuries on the example of the historical productions. It is noted that in the Tajik literary language comparatives and superlatives are expressed in two ways: synthetic and analytical, and the theme explored is of a long history and passed various periods and evolution throughout its historical development. The author comes to the conclusion that in the Tajik literary language of the 18th – 20th centuries the comparative degree of adjective is evinced analytically, namely, comparison is made in such a way that congruent objects are present including the original adjective by virtue of prepositions (especially with the preposition аз-). Comparative adjective are formed by dint of the suffix -тар in the language of the compared historical productions; in general it has some common and distinctive features.
Ключевые слова: 
прилагательное
сравнительная степень прилагательного
морфологические особенности и уровень употребления
исторические произведения
таджикский язык
сравнительный анализ
суффикс -тар
синтетические и аналитические способы