No 1, 2017
Publishing Date: 2017-04-18
HISTORY
In the article the author analyses the written sources on the participation of the Slavic population, the so-called “Σχλαβηνίας” or “Sklaviniis”, in the wars of the First Bulgarian State in the early 9th century. During the reign of the khans Krum and Omurtag there was political eminence of the First Bulgarian State. One of the determining factors of this process was the conquest of new territories where the tribes of the Slavs or “Σχλαβηνίας” lived. Being the most numerous ethnic group of the First Bulgarian State they maintained close ties both with other nations and with each other, which led to mutual influences in material and military cultures. The confirmation of this can be the participation of “Σχλαβηνίας” in many military conflicts throughout the 9th century.
The article deals with the problems of Russification as a natural process, prior to the state policy of Russification. It was revealed that it has become an unavoidable phenomenon associated with economic development, urbanization, the spread of Orthodoxy, and bourgeois reforms. Consequences of Russification are related to changes not only in the linguistic field. They also involved traditional rituals, folk stories, and architectural styles. The process of studying the elements of Russian culture by the representatives of Finno-Ugric Peoples was accompanied by significant changes in the culture of Slavic immigrants through the contact with the locals.
Drozdov S.V. Russian Revolution: triumph or tragedy?
The present paper focuses on the most important events that happened in Petrograd from February to October 1917 and radically changed the whole character of the country. The paper also deals with their participants’ actions which turned out to be critical for Russian history. The research is based on credible sources and literature. The author tries to understand how the mighty Russian Empire collapsed within several days and why the left extremists took over as a result.
Isakov P.S. Church-State relations in the Third Reich
The article reviews the relations between the State and Church in the Third Reich. The author considers the views of the ideologists of National Socialism concerning religious beliefs. The conceptual level of construction of the Church-State relations in the Third Reich is represented. The article is filled with examples of the state's attitude to the Church during the period of National-Socialism.
Mamedov Z.I. Turkey’s accession to NATO membership through the US press
The article analyses the US periodicals on a topic of the Turkish Republic accession to the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. It considers the evolution of the image of this event in the American press of the first half of the 1950s. Turkey's accession to NATO was for certain reasons which the author cites in conclusions. The key issue of the article is the analysis of how Turkey's membership in NATO was presented to the American people in newspapers.
PEDAGOGY
Bila I.M. Unique features of creative designing at the preschool age
The research is devoted to studying the specificity of creative designing at the preschool age. The author identifies the systematic approach on the design work and creative designing, knowledge adjustment, as well as the assessment criteria and performance indicators of creative designing by children at the preschool age. The article considers the psychological structure of the design activity, clarifies its characteristics and defines the role of each component of creative designing process at the preschool age. As a result of the empirical study it was proved that in the process of understanding the challenges pre-schoolers’s mind makes mental acts of comparison predominant. Their creative intention is determined by the focus on the structural and structural-functional characteristics of the subjects. The whole structure of the pre-schooler’s solution in the process of working with creative tasks on designing is integrated with the individual and regulatory aspect of creative designing that appears in the subjective mental actions, trends, and practice.
The article is devoted to the problem of the humanitarisation of higher technical education. In detail, analysing the history of this issue, the authors of the article substantiate the system-forming role of humanitarian knowledge, primarily literature and history, in the process of forming the competencies of bachelors in technical specialty. Particular emphasis is placed on the role of general cultural and moral values in the training of scientific and technical intelligentsia. The article proposes the introduction into the learning process a number of integrated disciplines that are of applied nature and are aimed at the development of both professional thinking and the universal abilities of students. Based on their own experience in teaching integrated disciplines and theoretical understanding of the question posed, the authors of the article singled out the fundamental features of the systemic concept of lifelong learning of humanitarian in the training system for bachelors in higher technical education, that not only enable them to master the general cultural competencies required in educational standards, but also develop stable personal qualities understood in Russian society as intelligence.
Bragova A.M. Basics of teaching Latin at Humanities University
The article reviews the goals, tasks, methods, and results of teaching Latin at Humanities University. The article points out that the basis of teaching is analytical reading with elements of discursive analysis. In Humanities University teaching is being provided through the interdisciplinary approach. The educational process includes interactive exercises, the use various forms of control, for example, lingual-didactic testing in a virtual learning environment. The results of current and final control are formed with the help of the point-rating system of assessing knowledge.
POLITOLOGY
Karpchuk N.P. The role of public diplomacy in the promotion of the European Union brand
In the current political and economic crisis, effective branding is able to improve the reputation of the EU, since the EU brand is based on such concepts as peace, abundance, prosperity, democracy, and freedom. The promotion of the EU brand to the external public is carried out by public diplomacy. The article analyses the actors and tools of public diplomacy of the European Union, the purpose of which is to enhance positive perception of the EU, to correct false stereotypes, to lobby the EU. Special attention is focused on projects of the EU Brand Centre, created specifically for the rebranding of the EU.
Mykhaylenko M.V. Orthodoxy and economic backwardness: combating the myth
The article ponders upon the potentially discriminative attitude towards Orthodox identity as a comparative impediment towards socioeconomic progress in 12 countries where such identity is believed to be shared by the majority, developed in political economists’ academic discourse. The current data provide no confident or decisive evidence for judgments of this kind. One might look at other sources for modern Orthodox nations’ relatively laggard development pattern.
Gerashchenko A.I., Gerashchenko I.G. Political and legal ideology in Modern Russia
The analysis of political and legal ideology of contemporary Russia is a highly crucial issue today. The article considers the evolution of ideological views over the past decades. It contains the proofs of the thesis that contemporary Russian political and legal ideology has eclectic nature, as far as it unites at least three types of ideology: communistic, western and orthodoxy. The research focuses on the idea that there is a need to strengthen the scientific element of Russian ideology.
PSYCHOLOGY
The article reveals the essence of the concepts “socio-psychological climate”, “climate” and “organizational culture”. The author analyses approaches to understanding the socio-psychological climate: the socio-psychological phenomenon, the general emotional and psychological mood, the style of people's relationships with direct contact with each other, the social and psychological compatibility of the members of the group. The features of the formation of the socio-psychological climate in the establishment of the social service, factors affecting the state of the socio-psychological climate in the team are considered.
THEOLOGY
The article analyses the Hierarchal (Priestly) prayer, which is read before the Great Entrance, comparing three Ukrainian editions – Service Books by St. Petro Mohyla (1629, 1639) and Hierarchal Service Book by Ivan Boyarsky (1632) and the modern rite of Russian Orthodox Church – with the identical Moscow editions of the first part of the 17th century. The review covers the main features of the service and theology of the Kyiv Church during the analysed period of time. The books of Metropolitanate show the harmonious development and symbiosis of old Ukrainian texts of the Common Prayer. In turn the books of Moscow Church of the same period of time show the preservation of another different tradition of praying and theological concept. Eventually this tradition considered being the only true one in the whole canonical territory of the Russian Orthodox Church.
Venediktov V.Y. On the problem of Ethnophyletism: a historical study. Part III
The Holy and Great Council on Crete, 2016 has risen an important issue of Ethnophyletism. Russian, Georgian, Bulgarian, and Antiochian Orthodox Churches delegations were not present at the Great Council and were criticized for Ethnophyletism at the plenary session. The heresy of ethnophyletism was announced by the Council of Constantinople in 1872. Now we can see that it became essential nowadays. The article tells about the origin of this heresy and whether the Ethnophyletism may be decided to be the heresy. The author raises issues. How was the schism declared? Who was interested in the Greco-Bulgarian schism? What are the political, ethnic and cultural consequences of the Synod in 1872?
The paper is based on available sources and deals with Nicholas Avtonomov’s biography which has not been widely known so far. N.P. Avtonomov (1889-1979) is regarded as an ecclesiastical adventurer and turncoat. During the period of Stalin’s repression and the Great Patriotic War he made advantage of his ecclesiastical service to cooperate with the NKVD and the Gestapo. N. Avtonomov left a mark in the history of the Renovationist schism, the postwar history of Russian emigration and the history of the Russian Orthodox Church Abroad. The paper focuses both on his ecclesiastical career and his personality.
PHILOLOGY
The paper focuses on the strategies to realize the creative potential of Shakespeare’s legacy in “The Aristos” and “The French Lieutenant’s Woman” by John Fowles. The paper deals with John Fowles’s reminiscences and allusions to Shakespeare’s work aiming to trace the creative potential strategies in “The Aristos” and “The French Lieutenant’s Woman”. The author uses the literary hermeneutics and reception-aesthetics methods. The present paper has E.V. Abramovskikh’s theory and typology of creative reception developed by the author of the paper. The major feature of Shakespearean creative reception in Fowles’s works is the fact that Fowles regards Shakespeare as a dramatic poet and uses mainly the playing strategy of postmodernist type creative reception.
The artistic image of Mary, Queen of Scots in the works of F. Schiller, J. Słowacki and S. Zweig are researched in the article. The Queen’s life, character, inner world and psychological portrait appear on the pages of the classicists’ works in the context of the era she lived. The turbulent historical processes that took place in England and Scotland at the end of the Middle Ages and the beginning of the Early Modern Period led to the phenomenon of Mary Stuart’s personality. Obviously the creativity of the authors whose works were dedicated to Mary I of Scotland was influenced by the experience learned from the lessons of their time. It was reflected in the classicists’ analyses and description of the past. Romanticistsof the 19th century, F. Schiller and J. Słowacki, interpreted the personality of Mary Stuart in the sinner/saint dichotomy, but S. Zweig at the historic break in the 30s of the 20th century departed from the unilateralism of such an approach. In his romanced biography of Mary, Queen of Scots he tells about the rises and falls of his heroine. S. Zweig presents Mary I of Scotland as a wonderful, passionate and suffering woman, who even 400 years after her death inspires and excites peoples’ minds and hearts.
PHILOSOPHY
Pavliuk O.I. The philosophical examination of war: origins of the concept
The article deals with philosophical examination of war. The author researches the dispute over the definition of the nature of war and distinguishes between the scientists that condemn war and those who defend it. Philosophers have been contemplating war and trying to unravel its nature for a long time. War assessments have differed by extreme diversity and constant contradictions. The author also gives the description of causes and factors of war, and explains their biological, psychological, social, economic and political nature.
The article for the first time in the Russian Humanities considers the phenomenon of glamour through the prism of universal aesthetic categories. The essence of the conception is to explore the phenomenon of glamour not in the sphere of its existence, but to perform global ontological phenomena to which its genesis leads. Following the methodology of Alexander Baumgarten the author of the article consistently compares glamour to aesthetic categories. In this article the author relates glamour with the categories of the beautiful, the sublime and the tragic. The article demonstrates the incompatibility of glamour with high aesthetic categories.
Gasimova E.N. Transformation of values and design in the new socio-cultural space
Nowadays people often see the contradictions in understanding values that define human and cultural measuring of the events of the social reality happening in almost all areas of modern life. In addition, we are witnessing the controversial events of the transformation that characterize the processes of reconsideration of the values. These contradictions, of course, show up in the area of social cultural values that define the work of the designer. In this regard the study of transformation of social and cultural values of the national culturological thought is of great importance. The author comes to a conclusion that perfection, harmony, a sense of proportion, taste, an image of the world order, and a sense of beauty are aesthetic categories based on the aesthetic ideal and determine the possibility of its implementation.
Golovashina O.V. The Victory of the image: identification risks of commemorative practices
The article considers commemorative practices of the Victory in World War II and analyses their possible consequences. Intensive commemoration of the Victory supposed creation of a large number of monuments and memorials with a certain image of the winner nation, strong and undefeated, the creator and peacemaker. First of all, monuments were supposed to elate the sense of pride for the Motherland but not the sense of grief. Surveys show that Russians today also consider this image as an etalon. The images of the Victory that go beyond the scope of such representation cause repel. Thus, today Victory does not represent itself a demonstration of the communicative or cultural memory, but is stated as the foundation of the civil identity.